High-pressure plunger-type fluid compressors



May 27, 1969 L. F. VERESCHAGIN ETA!- 3,446,427

HIGH-PRESSURE PLUNGER-TYPE FLUID COMPRESSORS Filed July 12, 1967 t QQQQHQIFS N Claims 3 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A high-pressure plunger-type fluid compressor, having a head receiving a cylinder with a reciprocating plunger, a sleeve being mounted between the cylinder and head for sealing the plunger. The sleeve includes a first portion of hollow truncated conical shape seated in one end face of the cylinder and a second portion provided with conduits, connecting an inlet conduit in the head with the chamber in which the reciprocating plunger passes. A cover in the form of a piston is located in the head and the cylinder end faces are sealed by delivering compressed fluid to the cover.

This invention relates to devices intended for creating high fluid pressures and, more specifically, to high-pressure plunger-type fluid compressors.

Known in the art are high-pressure plunger-type fluid compressors, whose split head accommodates a cylinder with a cover, said cylinder being connected to its cover by tightening the split head parts by means of studs. A hollow plunger is sealed by means of a cylindrical sleeve, whose walls are held to the plunger body by the pressure of the fluid being compressed. There is an inlet valve built into the plunger upper portion. A delivery valve is located in an intermediate sleeve, built into the cylinder.

In operation, the plunger partly enters the intermediate sleeve. The cylinder end faces are sealed by means of sleeves. The compressors of this type create pressures of up to 10,000 bars (see, for example, the U.S.S.R. journal Instruments and Experiment Techniques No. 6, 1959, pp. 109110).

The main disadvantages of the conventional compressors of the above-mentioned type are frequent plunger seizures in the sealing and intermediate sleeves due to considerable deformation of the sleeves and the elimination of the assembly clearance in the process of operation at critical pressures, as well as due to possible warpage of the head which may occur in the course of assembly; a relatively rapid wear of the sealing sleeves of the compressor cylinder due to their distortion and scoring in the course of the head assembly; deterioration of the cylinder strength due to the location of the intermediate sleeve inside the cylinder, insufllcient hollow plunger strength, and unreliable inlet valve operation due to its location on the moving component.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages and provide a high-pressure plunger-type fluid compressor, which is reliable and 3,446,427 ?atented May 27, 1969 convenient in operation and provides fluid pressures of above 10,000 bars.

According to the present invention, this object is achieved by the provision of a seat in the compressor head for the cover of the compressor cylinder, said cover being essentially a piston acting upon the compressor cyl inder with the aim of sealing its end faces.

In a preferable embodiment of the present invention, it is expedient to provide sealing shoulders on the cylinder end faces or on the end faces of the adjacent components.

It is desirable to make the inlet valve seat directly in the cylinder end face to which the cover is fitted.

It is expedient that the seat in the compressor cylinder for the plunger sealing sleeve having conduits for the fluid being compressed, be made in the form of a truncated cone, corresponding to the form of the mating part of the sleeve.

A pilot compressor, made in accordance with the invention, ensures fluid pressures of up to 15,000 bars, its capacity being 20 liters of compressed fluid per hour, the overall dimensions of the whole compressor assembly complete with the drive being 2000 x 1000 x 1500 mm.

Appended to this description is a diagrammatic drawing, the sole figure of which shows in section an embodiment of the plunger-type fluid compressor, according to the invention.

The plunger-type fluid compressor of the invention comprises a split head 1, consisting of the upper portion or retaining part 2 and the body or lower portion 3 threaded together.

In the body 3 of the head 1 there is a seat 4 for a cylinder 5 having a compression chamber therein, while a seat 6 for a cover 7 of the cylinder 5 is in the retaining part 2 of said compressor head.

Mounted under the cylinder 5 is a sleeve 8 intended for sealing a plunger 9.

The cover 7 is essentially a piston with a sealing ring 10. The end faces of the cylinder 5 are sealed by means of shoulders 11 and 12 in the lower portion of the cover 7 and in the upper portion of the sleeve 8, respectively. The tightness of the seal is ensured by charging oil into the seat 6 via a conduit 13, retaining the part 2 of the head 1. The fluid to be compressed is delivered into the cylinder 5 via a conduit 14 located in the body 3 of the head 1 and Via conduits 15, provided in the sleeve 8. After the plunger 9 in the course of its upward stroke, shuts oif the conduits 15 in the sleeve 8, the delivery of the handled fluid is discontinued and the compression stroke commences. At the end of this stroke a springloaded valve 16 is opened, the seat of said valve being fashioned as a recess 17, made directly in the body of the cylinder 5. The compressed fluid is discharged from the compressor via a conduit 18, provided in the cover 7, and via an opening 19 in the retaining part 2 of the head 1. A seat 20 for the sleeve 8 is formed in the cylinder 5 partly in the form of a truncated cone, corresponding to the shape of the upper portion of the sleeve 8. The plunger is made to reciprocate by means of a crank mechanism 21 via a spherical thrust bearing 22.

What is claimed is:

1. A high-pressure plunger-type fluid compressor comprising a body with a recess, said body being provided with an inlet conduit for introduction of the liquid to be compressed; a cylinder in said recess of said body provided with a compression chamber; a retaining part rigidly connected to said body and provided with a recess; a cover for said cylinder disposed in said recess of said retaining part; said cover having an outlet conduit in communication with said compression chamber for discharge of the liquid being compressed in said chamber; a valve in said outlet conduit; a plunger supported for slidable reciprocating movement in said compression chamber; said retaining part having an inlet for feeding liquid under pressure to said recess in the retaining part; a sleeve for sealing said plunger Where the latter enters said compression chamber; said sleeve including a first part adjacent the compression chamber in the form of a hollow truncated cone for sealing said plunger and a second part provided with conduits connecting the inlet conduit in said body with said compression chamber at the end adjoining said body.

2. A plunger-type fluid compressor as claimed in claim 1 wherein said cylinder has end faces provided with sealing shoulders for contacting the cover and the sleeve.

3. A piston-type fluid compressor as claimed in claim 1 wherein said cylinder has a seat for the first part of the sleeve in the shape of a truncated cone corresponding to the shape of the first portion of the sleeve.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,557,706 10/1925 Knox 230172 3,077,836 2/1963 Coberly et a1. 103l53 3,077,899 2/1963 Waibel 230-172 3,052,188 9/1962 Wolf et a1. 103-44O 3,128,941 4/1964 Waibel 230-206 3,207,081 9/1965 Bauer 103-153 3,260,217 7/1966 Thresher 103-153 3,318,250 5/1967 Bowen 103-440 FOREIGN PATENTS 561,411 5/1944 Great Britain.

HENRY F. RADUAZO, Primary Examiner. 

